What is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)?
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a highly advanced neurosurgical procedure that involves implanting electrodes in specific areas of the brain to regulate abnormal electrical signals. These electrodes are connected to a pulse generator (similar to a pacemaker) implanted in the chest, which sends electrical impulses to control symptoms of neurological disorders.
DBS is primarily used to treat movement disorders and neurological conditions that do not respond well to medications. Vedanta Multispeciality Hospital in Bulandshahr offers state-of-the-art DBS procedures, ensuring precise and safe treatment for our patients.
Conditions Treated with DBS
DBS has shown remarkable effectiveness in managing symptoms of the following conditions:
- Parkinson’s Disease: Helps control tremors, stiffness, slowness of movement, and medication-induced side effects.
- Essential Tremors: Reduces involuntary shaking, especially in hands and arms.
- Dystonia: Treats muscle contractions that cause repetitive or twisting movements.
- Epilepsy: Reduces seizure frequency in drug-resistant epilepsy patients.
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Helps manage severe, treatment-resistant OCD.
- Tourette Syndrome: Controls involuntary movements and vocal tics.
How Does DBS Work?
DBS surgery involves three main components:
- Electrodes (Leads): Implanted in specific brain regions, such as the thalamus, globus pallidus, or subthalamic nucleus, depending on the condition being treated.
- Implantable Pulse Generator (IPG): A small battery-powered device implanted in the chest, which generates electrical impulses.
- Extension Wire: Connects the electrodes to the IPG, running under the skin from the head to the chest.
Once activated, the DBS system sends controlled electrical pulses to the targeted brain regions, modulating abnormal brain activity and improving symptoms.
Types of DBS Surgery
DBS can be categorized based on the targeted brain region and the type of stimulation used:
1. Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) DBS
- Commonly used for Parkinson’s Disease
- Helps improve motor function and reduces medication dependency
2. Globus Pallidus Internus (GPi) DBS
- Used for dystonia and Parkinson’s disease
- Helps reduce muscle contractions and involuntary movements
3. Thalamic DBS
- Effective for Essential Tremors and some types of Parkinson’s tremors
- Targets the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus
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